STUDY GUIDE
THESE ARE SAMPLE QUESTIONS TO HELPYOU FOR REVIEW, NOT THE QUESTIONS
ON THE FIRST EXAM.
CHECK YOU ANSWERS. IF YOU DO NOT AGREE WITH THE KEY,THERE MAY BE AN
ERROR WITH THE KEY.
1. The origin of cells contributing to growth in width of
stems from a perennial is the
a. leaf primordium.
c. region of elongation
b. apical meristem.
d. vascular cambium
2. Branches of stems arise from
a. terminal buds.
b. lateral buds.
c. leaves.
d. old bud scales.
3. Secondary vascular tissue arise from the ______
a. pith.
c. phloem
b. xylem.
d. vascular cambium
4. A lateral bud is located on a
a. leaf.
b. stem just above a leaf.
c. stem just below a leaf.
d. stem but with no relation to leaves.
5. The leaves that appear on a tree each spring were formed
a. earlier that spring.
c. the preceding year.
b. in winter.
d. two years earlier
6. Secondary tissue (xylem and phloem) generally are present
in
a. leaves.
c. perennial stems and roots
b. flowers.
d. annual monocots
7. Vascular cambium originates
a. from old secondary xylem.
b. between primary xylem and primary
phloem.
c. only after a stem is two years old.
d. from different tissues in stems and
roots.
8. Vascular cambium cells are
a. dead and have thick secondary cell
walls.
b. dead and have thin primary cell walls.
c. alive and have thick secondary cell
walls.
d. alive and have thin primary cell
walls.
9. When a vascular cambium cell divides, the two daughter cells most
often lie
a. along the same radius.
c. one above the other
b. along the same circumference.
10. Growth rings in wood are caused by
a. seasonal activity of the vascular
tissue
b. growth in alternate years
c. cessation of vascular cambium activity
in the spring
d. onset of vascular cambium activity
each summer
11. The oldest wood lies
a. near the vascular cambium
b. near the center of the stem
c. in the bark
d. at the outermost edge of the heartwood
12. Cork cambium produces mostly
a. cork
c. secondary xylem
b. pericycle
d. secondary phloem
13. In the stem, cork cambium arises from
a. xylem
c. cortex
b. pericycle
d. vascular cambium
14. Xerophytic leaves are adapted for arrid dry climate.
a. true
b. false
15. Bark is
a. secondary phloem
b. secondary xylem
c. all tissues external to the cork
cambium
d. all tissues external to the vascular
cambium
16. Cork helps to prevent water loss from stems and roots because
its cell walls contain
a. cellulose
b. starch
c. protein
d. suberin
17. Girdling a tree will kill it because all of the __________.
a. vascular cambium is severed
b. phloem is severed
c. xylem is severed
d. all of the above
e. some of the above
18. Which of the following tissue areas is not found in the leaf?
a. cortex.
b. phloem
c. spongy parenchyma.
d. palisade parencyma.
19. Which of the following tissues has the highest concentration
of chloroplasts?
a. spongy parenchyma.
c. guard cells.
b. palisade parenchyma.
d. phloem.
20. Carbon dioxide enters leaves primarily through
a. xylem.
c. epidermal cells
b. phloem.
d. stomata
21. Xylem brings the leaf mostly
a. minerals and water.
b. water and carbon dioxide.
c. carbon dioxide and food.
d. food and minerals.
22. Vascular cambium originates from the _________
a. procambium
c. root cap
b. shoot and root apex initials
d.primary xylem
23. The main function of the cuticle is
a. reducing water loss.
b. absorbing atmospheric water.
c. giving leaves an attractive appearance.
d. discouraging grazing animals from
eating leaves.
24. The portion(s) of a bean embryo to emerge first from
the seed is (are) the
a. cotyledons.
c. stem tip
b. vegetative leaves.
d. root tip
25. All mature seeds have an endosperm.
a. true
b. false
26. In a bean seed just beginning to germinate, the earliest
movement of food is likely to be
from
a. vegetative leaves to root tip.
b. cotyledons to stem tip.
c. cotyledons to root tip.
d. vegetative leaves to cotyledons.
27. Pistils or carpels contain the female part of a plant.
a. true
b. false
28- 35 Identify which type of cell
division forms the following structures found in flowers.
a) mitosis
b) meiosis
28. microspore
29. megaspore
mother cell
30. sperm nucleus
31. cell of
the endosperm
32. generative
cell in pollen grain
33. egg nucleus
34. megaspore
35. vessel
cell formed by vascular cambium
36. In a 30 year old tree, most of the trunk is _______________.
A) primay xylem and
phloem D) secondary
phloem
B) primary xylem and
pith
E) secondary xylem
C) cortex and pith
37. All Angioserms demonstrate double fertilization. This refers
to the involvement of:
A) the union of one sperm with two egg nuclei.
B) the union of two sperm with two egg nuclei.
C) the union of one sperm with two polar nuclei
which forms endosperm.
D) the union of one sperm with one egg nuclei
at different times.
E) the union of one sperm with one egg nuclei
and a second sperm
with two polar nuclei
(forming triploid cell) which develops into the endosperm.
38. After double fertilization the zygote develops into an embryo. Which
of the following parts of
an embryo does not match up to its function..
A) cotyledon/ provides nourishment for the growing embryo
B) epicotyl/ develops into the stem of a plant
C) hypocotyl/ develops into the root of a plant
D) hypocotyl / grows until it breaks the soil surface and than
it forms chlorophyll
and carries out photosynthesis
E) cotyledon/ two will develop in dicots and only one develops
in monocots
39. Which is the correct sequence of tissue starting on the outside
of an older
woody dicot STEM.
A) epidermis, pith, secondary phloem, primary
phloem, cambium,
secondary xylem,
primary xylem, cork
B) epidermis, cork, primary xylem, secondary
xylem, cambium,
secondary phloem,
primary phloem, pith
C) epidermis, cork, primary phloem, secondary
phloem, cambium,
secondary xylem,
primary xylem, pith
D) epidermis, pith, primary phloem, secondary
phloem, cambium,
primary xylem,
secondary xylem, cork
40. The part of a complete flower which contains the ovary with
ovules are the ____________.
A) sepals
C) petals
B) stamens
D) carpels
Questions 41-43: Match the following parts of the leaf
below to the correct description or
function.
A) cuticle (cutin) D) palisade
parenchyma
B) veins
E) epidermal hairs
C) spongy parenchyma
41. The outer surfaces of the epidermal cells are
coated with a waxy layer,__________,
which retards the escape
of water from the interior of the leaf.
42. The irregularly shaped cells near the lower surface of the
leaf which contains fewer
chloroplast are called the___.
43. This structure carries water into the
leaf and removes sugars from the leaf.
44. Which of the following structures does not match correctly
with the tissue from which it
is derived?
A) adventitious roots/stem
D) secondary tissue/vascular cambium
B) lateral root/pericycle
E) root hairs/cortex
C) true roots/hypocotyl
44. The male parts of a flower are located in the:
A) sepal
C) stamen
B) petal
D) carpel
45. Which of the following structures of a seed does not match correctly
with the tissue from
which it
is derived?
A) ovule’s coat /seed coat
D) triploid nucleus/endosperm
B) sperm + egg /zygote
E) ovule/ fruit
C) ovary/ fruit
Questions 46-49: Give the ploidy (haploid, diploid,
triploid) of the following floral cells.
Use the following answers:
A) haploid (n) B) diploid
(2n) C) triploid (3n)
46. generative nucleus
47. microspore mother cell
48. each nucleus forming at Telophase of meiosis
49. endosperm
50-51 Identify the correct classification of flowers or plants
to the descriptions listed below.
A) imperfect
D) complete
B) monoecious
E) perfect
C) dioecious
50. Plants with staminate and carpelate flowers located on the same plant.
51. Flowers containing all four flower parts – sepals, petals, stamens and carpels.
52-54. Give the possible genotype(s) of the flower parts listed below
if a carpellate (female)
flower (Aa) is pollinated by a staminate (male) flower (aa).
52. megaspores
A) A only
D) Aa or aa
B) a only
E) A or a
C) Aa only
53. microspore mother cell
A) A only
D) Aa or aa
B) a only
E) A or a
C) Aa only
54. cells from cotyledon of the seed formed
A) aaa, Aaa or Aaa
D) Aa or aa
B) aa only
E) AAa or aaa
C) Aa only
55. nuclei which are located in a mature pollen grain
A) both nuclei must be "a"
D) one of the nuclei may be "A" the other "a"
B) both nuclei must be "aa"
E) both nuclei must be either "A" or "a"
C) both nuclei ar "Aa"