1. Describe the various cell types which make plant tissues - parenchyma, sclerenchyma (fiber,
        sclerid), collenchyma, tracheid, vessels, sieve tube, companion, meristematic, epidermis, cork.

    2. List the functions of each cell type listed above and indicate where these cell types may be
        located in a plant.

    3. Given a picture of a plant identify the flower, stem, node, internode, leaf, blade, petiole, root
        system, buds ( vegetative or reproductive; axillary or terminal)

    4. Locate in the cross section of a root the epidermis, cortex and vascular cylinder.

    5. Describe the cortex and endodermis as to cell type and function.

    6. Identify and explain the function of the pericycle, xylem, and phloem tissue.

    7. Explain how lateral roots are formed.

    8. Identify the root cap, apical meristem, zone of elongation, zone of differentiation in a diagram
        showing the developmental regions of a dicot root.

    9. Identify where the protoderm, procambium, and ground meristem are located in a longitudinal
        section and list the tissues into which they mature.

    10. Contrast between the various root types - tap, fibrous, adventitious.

    11. Compare and contrast the following: deciduous, evergreen; perennial, biennial, annual;
        angiosperm, gymnosperm; monocot, dicot.

    12. Identify and describe functions of the external structures located on woody and herbaceous
        stems.

    13. Compare and contrast between the various tissue types located in a stem as to cell types and
        function.

    14. Given the cross section of a monocot or dicot stem identify the following parts epidermis,
        pith, cortex, vascular bundles.

    15. Describe the cell types which make up the xylem and phloem and explain how they function
        during transport of water and photosynthates.

    16. Identify the following parts of the longitudinal section of a shoot tip and describe into what
        they develop: apical meristem, leaf primordia, lateral buds, ground meristem, protoderm,
        procambium.

    17. Compare and contrast the apical meristem of the root to the apical meristem of the shoot and
        relate to primary growth.

    18. Explain secondary growth in woody plants and describe from which tissue it forms.

    19. Given a figure showing a cross section of a dicot during secondary growth identify the
        following: epidermis, cortex, primary phloem, primary xylem, cork, cork cambium, secondary
        phloem, secondary xylem, vascular cambium, pith, periderm.

    20. Contrast between corms, tubers, rhizomes, runners and bulbs.

    21. Identify and describe the various parts of a leaf: cuticle, mesophyll, palisade parenchyma,
        spongy parenchyma, veins, epidermis (lower and upper), guard cells, stoma, epidermal hairs
        (trichomes).

    22. Compare and contrast between mesophytic, hydrophytic and xerophytic leaf types.

    23. Describe how guard cells regulate the opening and closing of the stoma.

    24. Describe abscission.

    25. Describe the following parts of the flower: sepal, petal, calyx, corolla, stamens, carpels.
        Distinguish between the types of flowers: staminate and carpellate, complete and incomplete,
        perfect and imperfect.

    26. Describe the events leading to the formation of the female gametophyte (megaspore mother
        cell to the 8 nucleated egg sac).

    27. Describe the events leading to the formation of the male gametophyte (microspore mother
        cell to the pollen grain)

    28. Diagram alternation of generation of a typical Angiosperm life cycle indicating where mitosis
        an meiosis occurs.

    29. Identify and describe the events which occur during double fertilization in angiosperm:
        filament, anther, ovary, pollen grains, sperm nucleus, tube nucleus, tube nucleus, pollen tube.
        zygote, endosperm.

    30. Given the genotypes of the staminate flower and carpellate flower determine the genotypes of
        all flower parts, developing male and female gametophytes, and developing seed parts.

    31. Define transpiration and the cohesion tension theory

    32. Define translocation and relate to source, sink.

    33. Describe plant hormones and list and describe functions for the following plant hormones:
        IAA, GA, cytokinin, ABA.

    34. Compare and contrast between phototropism and gravitropism.

    35. Describe a mode of action for phototropism and gravitropism.

    36. Explain photoperiodism and describe a mode of action as to how it occurs in long-day plants
        and short-day plants.

    37. Identify characteristics of the Plant Kingdom and contrast between the following: Angiosperms/ Gymnosperms,
          monocot/dicot, annual/ biennial/ perennial, deciduous/ evergreen