The excretory system in animals utilizes some of the cell transport principles studied above. Read the pages indicated by B-21 and study behavioral objectives 21-26. Write a paragraph comparing how the nitrogenous waste is eliminated from the flatworms (flame cells), earthworms (nephridia) and vertebrates (kidneys). Diagrams would be helpful. Write in your notes how the kidney helps maintain homeostasis.
In your notes draw a figure showing the human excretory system and label the various parts. Include a figure showing the various parts of the kidney.
45. Urine leaves each kidney through a narrow, muscular tube called the ___.
a) urethra
b) renal pelvis
c) renal cortex
d) renal vein
e) ureter
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Draw a diagram of a nephron, label the various parts, and describe a function.
46. The cup shaped structure of a nephron which contains numerous microscopic capillaries which are extremely permeable to water are called ___.
a) loop of Henle
b) Bowman's capsule
c) collecting duct
d) glomerulus
e) distal tubule
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Write a paragraph explaining how urine is formed. Indicate which molecules move by diffusion, osmosis and active transport.
47. How does ammonia NH3 move into the distal tubule?
a) capillary action
b) active trasport
c) diffusion
c) osmosis
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48. How does water move from the collecting duct?
a) diffusion
b) active transport
c) osmosis
d) all of the above
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Write a paragraph in your notes explaining how water content of the
blood is regulated. What is the role played by ADH? See text and web sites
for information.
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