Answers 

1. 

\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\         R        r
        r
 

 The letters in the cells along the top row and left column  reresent a haploid condition. These represent the gamet's genotype. 
 
 

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2. 

\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\        R         r
       r       Rr      rr
 
 The letters at the top of the columns and along the side are haploid becuase they are  single letters. The letters is the "cells" of the square are diploid becuse they consist of two letters.  The "cells" represent the genotypes of the offspring which may be produced ty these parents. 
 
 

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3. Both parents would be long stem and heterozygous. 
 
 
 

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4. Using the formula  2n  (n =  hetrozygotes)    21  = 2 , each parent can produce two types of gametes. 

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5.  The different types of gametes would  be "L" anad "l". 

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6.                                   Parents =   Ll    x   Ll 
 
 

///////////////    L   l
  L LL Ll
  l Ll ll
 
 

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7. 

///////////////    L   l
  L LL Ll
  l Ll ll
 
    The genotype ratio would be 1LL  to 2 Ll  to 1 ll 
    The Phenotyperatio would be 3 long stem to 1 short stem. 

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8.   There is a 75% chance of  the offspring having long stem and 25% chance of the offspring having short stem. 

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9.  Parents            TT   x     Tt 
 
 

/////////////////////////////////               T
     T        TT
     t        Tt
             chart 

a. 100 %  of the offspring will be tall. 
b.    0 %   of the offspring will be dwarf. 
c.   50 % of the individuals will be heterozygous. 

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10.      parents =       Tt    x     Tt 
 
 

/////////////////////       T        t
       T      TT      Tt
       t      Tt       tt
a. The offspring have  75 % chanch of  being tall. 
b. The offspring have 25 % chanch of being dwarf. 
c. The offspring have 50 % chanch of being heterozygous. 
 
 

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 11.       Parents      Tt    x     tt 
 
 

/////////////////////////////////               t
     T        Tt
     t        tt
a. The offspring have  50 % chanch of  being tall. 
b. The offspring have 50 % chanch of being dwarf. 
c. The offspring have 50 % chanch of being heterozygous. 
 
 
 
 
 

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12.    paarents =   tt    x     tt 
 
 
 

/////////////////////////////       t
     t       tt
 

a. The offspring have  0 % chanch of  being tall. 
b. The offspring have 100 % chanch of being dwarf. 
c. The offspring have  0 % chanch of being heterozygous. 
 
 
 

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13.  parents      Bb    x     Bb 
 
 

/////////////////////       B        b
       B      BB      Bb
       b      Bb       bb
 

 

a. The offspring have  75 % chanch of  being black. 
b. The offspring have 25 % chanch of being brown. 
c. The offspring have 50 % chanch of being black heterozygous. 
d. The phenotypic ratio is  3 black : 1 brown. 

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14.   parents =      Bb    x     bb 
 
 

/////////////////////////////////               b
     B        Bb
     b        bb
 

 

a. The offspring have  50 % chanch of  being black. 
b. The offspring have 50 % chanch of being brown. 
c. The offspring have 50 % chanch of being black heterozygous. 
d. The phenotypic ratio is  1 black : 1 brown. 
 

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15.     parents  =      BB    x     bb 
 
 
 

/////////////////////////////       B
     b       Bb
 

a. The offspring have  100 % chanch of  being black. 
b. The offspring have 0 % chanch of being brown. 
c. The offspring have 100 % chanch of being black heterozygous. 
d. The phenotypic ratio is  1 black : 0 brown. 
 

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16.      parents =      ss    x     ss 
 
 

/////////////////////////////       s
     s       ss
a. The offspring have  0 % chanch of  being short haired. 
b. The offspring have 100 % chanch of being long haired. 
c. The offspring have 0 % chanch of being short  heterozygous. 
d. The phenotypic ratio is  0 short  : 1 long. 
e. The genotype ratio is  all ss. 
 

 

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17.     parents =     Ss    x     Ss 
 
 

/////////////////////       S        s
       S      SS      Ss
       s      Ss       ss
 

 

a. The offspring have 75 % chanch of  being short haired. 
b. The offspring have 25 % chanch of being long haired. 
c. The offspring have 50 % chanch of being short  heterozygous. 
d. The phenotypic ratio is  3 short  : 1 long. 
e. The genotype ratio is  all 1 SS : 2 Ss : 1 ss. 
 

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18.   parents  =       SS    x     ss 
 
 

/////////////////////////////       S
     s       Ss
 

           chart 

a. The offspring have  100 % chanch of  being short haired. 
b. The offspring have  0 % chanch of being long haired. 
c. The offspring have 100 % chanch of being short  heterozygous. 
d. The phenotypic ratio is  1 short  : 0 long. 
e. The genotype ratio is  all  Ss. 
 
 
 
 
 

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19.   parents  =       Ss    x     ss 
 
 

/////////////////////////////////               s
     S        Ss
     s        ss
 
 

 

a. The offspring have  50 % chanch of  being short haired. 
b. The offspring have 50 % chanch of being long haired. 
c. The offspring have 50 % chanch of being short  heterozygous. 
d. The phenotypic ratio is  1 short  : 1 long. 
e. The genotype ratio is  1 Ss : 1 ss. 
 
 
 
 

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20.  Draw two lines and label as P1 and P2. Each line reprsents a single set of genes for the parents. 

                   P1 ________      x     P2  __________ 

List genotype of the offspring as much as possible. 

50 % are heterozygous  Ll; therefore, one parent must have a "L" and the other a "l". 
 (because each parent contributes one half of the genes) 
 
  P1 _L____      x     P2  ___l___ 

25% are LL; therefore, each parent must have a "L". 

 P1 ___L___      x     P2  ___Ll____ 

25% are ll; therefore, each parent must have a "l". 

 P1 ___Ll___      x     P2  ___Ll____ 

Now you can perform the Punnett square to check  answer. 

 
   parents = Ll    x  Ll 
 
 

/////////////////////       L       l
       L      LL      Ll
       l      Ll      ll
 
 
 

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21.  Draw two lines and label as P1 and P2. Each line reprsents a single set of genes for the parents. 

                   P1 ________      x     P2  __________ 

List genotype of the offspring as much as possible. 

50 % are short wing ll; therefore, each  parent must have a "l". 
 (because each parents contributes one half of the genes) 

  P1 _l____      x     P2  ___l___ 

50% are long wing; therefore, they must have at least one large  "L".  One parent must have a "L". 

 P1 ___Ll___      x     P2  ___l____ 

At this point  you may set up a Punnett square using "Ll" and "ll" for P2. 

Now you can perform the Punnett square to check  answer. 

 

/////////////////////////////////              l
    L       Ll
     l       ll
 
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22.  Draw two lines and label as P1 and P2. Each line reprsents a single set of genes for the parents. 

                   P1 ________      x     P2  __________ 

List genotype of the offspring as much as possible. 

50 % are wrinkled  ss; therefore, each  parent must have a "s". 
 (because each parents contributes one half of the genes) 

  P1 _s____      x     P2  ___s___ 

50% are smooth seed-coat; therefore, they must have at least one large  "S".  One parent must have a "S". 

 P1 ___Ss___      x     P2  ___s__ 

At this point  you may set up a Punnett square using "Ss  and "ss" for P2. 

Now you can perform the Punnett square to check  answer. 

 

/////////////////////////////////               s
     S        Ss
     s        ss
 

 
 
 

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23.          P1 =  Ss           x        P2  =  Ss 
 

 

/////////////////////       S        s
       S      SS      Ss
       s      Ss       ss
                                       25% of the seeds would be expected to be wrinkled 
 

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 24. Draw two lines and label as P1 and P2. Each line reprsents a single set of genes for the parents. 

                   P1 ________      x     P2  __________ 

List genotype of the offspring as much as possible. 

(3 to 1 would indicate that 3 are dominant S_  and 1 are recessive ss.) 

25% are wrinkled  ss; therefore, each  parent must have a "s". 
 (because each parents contributes one half of the genes) 

  P1 _s____      x     P2  ___s___ 

75% are smooth seed-coat; therefore, they must have at least one large  "S".  One parent must have a "S". 

 P1 ___Ss___      x     P2  ___s__ 

At this point  you may set up a Punnett square using "Ss  and "ss" for P2. 

Now you can perform the Punnett square to check  answer. 

 
 

/////////////////////////////////               s
     S        Ss
     s        ss
 

 

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25.     P1  TT         x        P2 tt 

 

/////////////////////////////      T
    t       Tt
 
 

 
         F1   Tt             x               F1  Tt 

 
 

/////////////////////      T       t
       T      TT     Tt
       t      Tt      tt
 

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 26.       F1   Tt             x            tall parent     TT 

 
 

/////////////////////////////////              T
    T       TT
     t       Tt
 
 

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  27.      F1  Tt              x             dwarf parent  tt 
 
 
 
 

/////////////////////////////////            t
     T        Tt
     t         tt
 

 
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Created by the Center for Learning Technologies, Academic Technology Services.  
Last modified October 22, 1997.